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Okmulgee County, Oklahoma

Coordinates: 35°38′N 95°58′W / 35.64°N 95.97°W / 35.64; -95.97
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Okmulgee County
County
Muscogee (Creek) Council House in downtown Okmulgee.
Muscogee (Creek) Council House in downtown Okmulgee.
Map of Oklahoma highlighting Okmulgee County
Location within the U.S. state of Oklahoma
Map of the United States highlighting Oklahoma
Oklahoma's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 35°38′N 95°58′W / 35.64°N 95.97°W / 35.64; -95.97
Country United States
State Oklahoma
Founded1907
SeatOkmulgee
Largest cityOkmulgee
Area
 • Total
702 sq mi (1,820 km2)
 • Land697 sq mi (1,810 km2)
 • Water5.0 sq mi (13 km2)  0.7%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
36,706
 • Density52/sq mi (20/km2)
Congressional district2nd

Okmulgee County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,706.[1] The county seat is Okmulgee.[2] Located within the Muscogee Nation Reservation, the county was created at statehood in 1907. The name Okmulgee is derived from the Hitchita (Lower Creek) word okimulgi, meaning "boiling waters".[3]

Okmulgee County is included in the Tulsa, OK metropolitan statistical area.

History

[edit]

The Creek Nation was removed into this part of Indian Territory along the Trail of Tears after signing treaties exchanging their land in Georgia and Alabama in 1826 and 1832. The actual move occurred over the period from 1827 to 1836. The Creek Nation government, led by chief Samuel Checote, revised its constitution in 1867 and designated Okmulgee as its capital in 1868. The U.S. Post Office opened in Okmulgee on April 29, 1869. The Creek Nation built its capitol, a log building, in 1869. The building was rebuilt of stone in 1878.[3]

Okmulgee County was formed on July 16, 1907, from Muskogee land, with a population of 14,362. County government offices were located in the Creek Council House until 1916, when the present Okmulgee County Courthouse was built. The former council building was then repurposed. The county's population was 21,115 in 1910 and increased to a high of 56,558 by 1930.[3]

Railroads came to the area in 1900, when the St. Louis, Oklahoma and Southern Railway (later the St. Louis and San Francisco Railway or Frisco) built a line from Sapulpa, Oklahoma via Okmulgee to a place near the Red River. The Shawnee, Oklahoma and Missouri Coal and Railway (later also acquired by the Frisco) built a line from Muskogee to Okmulgee in 1902–03. It was abandoned in 1973. The Missouri, Oklahoma and Gulf Railway (purchased by the Kansas, Oklahoma and Gulf Railway in 1919) ran through Dewar, Oklahoma beginning in 1909, and the Okmulgee Northern Railway operated between Okmulgee and Deep Fork from 1916 to 1964.[3]

In 1918, the boundary between Okmulgee County and McIntosh County was realigned, moving the towns of Grayson[4] and Hoffman[5] from McIntosh into Okmulgee County.

The Creek Council House still stands today. While ownership of the building changed over the years, the City of Okmulgee in November 2010 sold the building back to the tribe for $3.2 million.[6] The building currently houses the Creek Council House Museum, with artifacts and exhibits about the history of the Muscogee tribe and the arts and crafts of other Native American tribes.

Geography

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According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 702 square miles (1,820 km2), of which 697 square miles (1,810 km2) is land and 5.0 square miles (13 km2) (0.7%) is water.[7] Lake Henryetta, Okmulgee Lake, Nichols Lake, most of Dripping Springs Lake, and the tip of Oklahoma's largest lake,[8] Lake Eufaula, lie within the county.[9] The Deep Fork of the North Canadian River is the principal waterway in the county.[3] The eastern part of the county is within the Eastern Lowlands physiographic region and the western part is in the Osage Plains. Okmulgee Park and Dripping Springs Park lie west and southwest of the city of Okmulgee. Deep Fork National Wildlife Refuge lies within the southern part of the county.[9] The area known as the High Spring Mountains is in the eastern part of the county south of Eram, and extending further south into McIntosh County in the Hitchita vicinity.[10]

Adjacent counties

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Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
191021,115—
192055,072160.8%
193056,5582.7%
194050,101−11.4%
195044,561−11.1%
196036,945−17.1%
197035,358−4.3%
198039,16910.8%
199036,490−6.8%
200039,6858.8%
201040,0691.0%
202036,706−8.4%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]
1790-1960[12] 1900-1990[13]
1990-2000[14] 2010[15]

As of the census[16] of 2000, there were 39,685 people, 15,300 households, and 10,694 families residing in the county. The population density was 22/km2 (57/sq mi). There were 17,316 housing units at an average density of 10/km2 (26/sq mi). The racial makeup of the county was 69.73% White, 10.20% Black or African American, 12.85% Native American, 0.19% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.61% from other races, and 6.40% from two or more races. 1.95% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. As of 2020, its population declined to 36,706.[15]

There were 15,300 households, out of which 32.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.80% were married couples living together, 13.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.10% were non-families. 27.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.06.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.90% under the age of 18, 9.50% from 18 to 24, 25.30% from 25 to 44, 23.30% from 45 to 64, and 15.10% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.80 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $27,652, and the median income for a family was $33,987. Males had a median income of $29,935 versus $20,861 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,065. About 14.90% of families and 18.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.90% of those under age 18 and 15.50% of those age 65 or over.

Government

[edit]

Okmulgee County government has three commissioners, one for each of the three Districts.[17] County services, including the District Court, Assessor, County Clerk, Jail, and Sheriff's office, are all located between 6th and 8th St, and Alabama and Seminole Avenues, in the City of Okmulgee.[18]

Politics

[edit]

Despite a wide Democratic registration advantage as recently as the late 2010s, the county—like every Oklahoma county since 2000—has favored the Republican candidate for president in every election since 2000, with the Republican margin of victory increasing with every election.

Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of June 30, 2023[19]
Party Number of Voters Percentage
Democratic 7,282 35.20%
Republican 9,870 47.69%
Others 3,542 17.12%
Total 20,694 100%
United States presidential election results for Okmulgee County, Oklahoma[20]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2024 10,100 70.39% 3,979 27.73% 270 1.88%
2020 9,668 67.55% 4,357 30.44% 288 2.01%
2016 8,944 64.12% 4,385 31.44% 620 4.44%
2012 7,731 58.73% 5,432 41.27% 0 0.00%
2008 8,727 58.50% 6,191 41.50% 0 0.00%
2004 8,363 53.17% 7,367 46.83% 0 0.00%
2000 5,797 43.99% 7,186 54.53% 195 1.48%
1996 4,246 31.84% 7,555 56.65% 1,536 11.52%
1992 4,586 29.74% 7,767 50.37% 3,068 19.89%
1988 5,674 40.52% 8,262 59.00% 68 0.49%
1984 8,704 53.76% 7,380 45.59% 105 0.65%
1980 6,652 46.57% 7,236 50.65% 397 2.78%
1976 5,333 38.19% 8,499 60.87% 131 0.94%
1972 8,706 63.82% 4,494 32.94% 442 3.24%
1968 4,709 34.81% 6,089 45.02% 2,728 20.17%
1964 4,704 31.57% 10,195 68.43% 0 0.00%
1960 7,107 49.46% 7,262 50.54% 0 0.00%
1956 6,703 46.78% 7,626 53.22% 0 0.00%
1952 6,717 39.91% 10,115 60.09% 0 0.00%
1948 4,368 29.44% 10,467 70.56% 0 0.00%
1944 5,430 35.74% 9,737 64.09% 25 0.16%
1940 6,696 37.63% 11,016 61.90% 84 0.47%
1936 4,975 29.11% 12,061 70.56% 57 0.33%
1932 4,762 29.67% 11,287 70.33% 0 0.00%
1928 9,149 60.77% 5,834 38.75% 73 0.48%
1924 6,015 46.85% 5,927 46.17% 896 6.98%
1920 5,367 51.33% 4,495 42.99% 593 5.67%
1916 1,860 36.91% 2,406 47.75% 773 15.34%
1912 1,140 38.68% 1,243 42.18% 564 19.14%

Communities

[edit]

NRHP Sites

[edit]
Main article: National Register of Historic Places listings in Okmulgee County, Oklahoma

The following sites in Okmulgee County are listed on the National Register of Historic Places:

References

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  1. ^ "Okmulgee County, Oklahoma". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 20, 2023.
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ^ a b c d e Glynnis Coleman. "Okmulgee County" Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. Accessed January 4, 2012.
  4. ^ Lynn Marie Townsend, "Grayson." Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
  5. ^ Lynn Marie Townsend, "Hoffman." Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
  6. ^ Sara Plummer, "Tribe regains historic Council House", Tulsa World, November 15, 2010.
  7. ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved February 21, 2015.
  8. ^ "Lake Eufaula". TravelOK.com. Retrieved April 3, 2020.
  9. ^ a b "Okmulgee County, Oklahoma". Google Maps. Retrieved June 30, 2020.
  10. ^ "High Spring Mountains, Oklahoma". Google Maps. Retrieved June 30, 2020.
  11. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 21, 2015.
  12. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved February 21, 2015.
  13. ^ Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 21, 2015.
  14. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved February 21, 2015.
  15. ^ a b "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved November 12, 2013.
  16. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  17. ^ "Okmulgee County, OK". Local Technical Assistance Program of Oklahoma State University. Retrieved September 23, 2019.
  18. ^ "Okmulgee County". OkmulgeeOnline.com. Retrieved September 23, 2019.
  19. ^ "Oklahoma Registration Statistics by County" (PDF). OK.gov. January 15, 2019. Retrieved February 27, 2019.
  20. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved March 29, 2018.

35°38′N 95°58′W / 35.64°N 95.97°W / 35.64; -95.97

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